El Nino Watch

Feels-like temperature and heat index

How hot it feels to the body, combining air temperature with humidity (and in some formulas wind and sun). In humid Samui it is often several degrees above the air temperature.

Koh Samui watch

Sweat cools you by evaporating. In humid air it evaporates slowly, so you feel hotter than the thermometer says. The "heat index" (US National Weather Service) and the "apparent temperature" (the Open-Meteo value used here, which also accounts for wind and solar radiation) both try to express this.

Heat index values assume shade. Full sunshine can add up to 8 °C (15 °F) according to the NWS.

Thai health and weather agencies use four heat index bands adapted from the NWS (table). The current NWS chart uses slightly lower upper bands (danger from 39.4 °C / 103 °F, extreme danger from 51.7 °C / 125 °F). This app's heat factor uses its own thresholds of 39, 41 and 54 °C (see Factor: extreme heat).

Why it matters for Koh Samui

Heat is the most common El Nino hazard for people in Thailand. The risk is highest in March-May, during exertion, for older people and children, and during power cuts.

Thresholds

Heat index (feels-like)Band (TMD / Thai Department of Health)Possible effects
27 to 32 °CCautionFatigue with prolonged exposure or activity
32 to 41 °CExtreme cautionHeat cramps, heat exhaustion or heat stroke possible with prolonged exposure or activity
41 to 54 °CDangerHeat cramps or exhaustion likely; heat stroke possible
above 54 °CExtreme dangerHeat stroke highly likely

Sources

Related

ENSO status now

ONI (NOAA CPC)
+1.80 °C, JJA 2026 (previous +1.39 °C)
RONI (NOAA CPC)
+1.36 °C, JJA 2026
Nino 3.4 weekly (NOAA CPC / OISST)
+3.0 °C anomaly, week of 16 Sep 2026 (SST 29.6 °C)