El Nino Watch

Factor: extreme heat

Uses the highest forecast feels-like temperature over the next 7 days, and how many days reach 41 °C, plus how much warmer than normal the last 30 days were.

Koh Samui watch

Main measure: the maximum daily feels-like (apparent) temperature forecast for the next 7 days (Open-Meteo), and the number of days at 41 °C or more.

It can also be raised by a persistent warm spell: if the daily maximum temperature over the last 30 days (ERA5) averaged 1.5 °C above normal, at least 1; 2.5 °C above normal, at least 2.

Why start at 39 °C: on Samui a feels-like of 32-38 °C is an ordinary day, so the thresholds are set higher than the "caution" bands.

Why it matters for Koh Samui

Above 41 °C feels-like, heatstroke is possible, especially for children, older people and during exertion. Power cuts (no air conditioning) make it worse. El Nino makes March-May 2027 likely hotter than normal.

Thresholds

Max feels-like (7-day forecast)Factor level
below 39 °C0 Normal
39 to 41 °C1 Watch
41 °C or more on 1-2 days2 Prepare
41 °C or more on 3+ days3 Act
54 °C or more4 (counts as 3 in the overall level)

Cap in the overall level: 3. Critical factor. Stale after 36 h without a forecast update. Heat >= 3 together with water >= 3 sets the overall level to 4 (rule R4b).

Sources

Related

ENSO status now

ONI (NOAA CPC)
+1.80 °C, JJA 2026 (previous +1.39 °C)
RONI (NOAA CPC)
+1.36 °C, JJA 2026
Nino 3.4 weekly (NOAA CPC / OISST)
+3.0 °C anomaly, week of 16 Sep 2026 (SST 29.6 °C)