El Nino Watch

Factor: El Nino (event strength)

Scores how strong El Nino is, from the latest ONI and weekly Nino 3.4. It can raise the overall level to Prepare but never higher: it is a warning sign, not a direct threat.

Koh Samui watch

The factor takes the higher of two levels: one from the latest ONI and one from the latest weekly Nino 3.4 anomaly. The explanation also shows the NOAA alert status and the highest El Nino probability in the IRI forecast (for context; they do not change the level).

It is marked stale if the newest ONI is more than 120 days old.

Why it matters for Koh Samui

A strong El Nino usually means below-normal rain and a hotter, longer dry season in Thailand. For Samui, the water risk window is February-April 2027.

Thresholds

Value (ONI or weekly Nino 3.4)Factor level
below +0.5 °C0 Normal
+0.5 to +1.49 °C (weak or moderate El Nino)1 Watch
+1.5 °C or more (strong, and very strong)2 Prepare

Cap in the overall level: 2. Critical factor.

Sources

Related

ENSO status now

ONI (NOAA CPC)
+1.80 °C, JJA 2026 (previous +1.39 °C)
RONI (NOAA CPC)
+1.36 °C, JJA 2026
Nino 3.4 weekly (NOAA CPC / OISST)
+3.0 °C anomaly, week of 16 Sep 2026 (SST 29.6 °C)